What does the stretch shortening cycle do?

The stretch shortening cycle (SSC) refers to the involuntary muscle action that occurs during a rapid stretch followed immediately by a shortening of the muscle. This biomechanical phenomenon is fundamental in generating explosive movements such as jumping, sprinting, and throwing.

When muscle fibers undergo a rapid stretch, elastic energy is stored within the tendons and muscle tissue. This stored energy can then be released during the subsequent shortening phase, allowing for a more powerful contraction. The rapid sequence of stretching and contracting allows the muscles to generate greater force than they would without this pre-stretch. As a result, activities that rely on quick, explosive movements benefit significantly from the stretch shortening cycle, optimizing performance in sports and physical activities.

This natural mechanism is essential for improving explosive power and enhancing athletic performance, which is why it is often highlighted in training regimens for athletes targeted at improving their speed and strength.